¦ äpóãàÿ èíô-öèÿ (òåëåôîí è ò.ä.) ¦
¦ ` ` `------------------ èäåíòèôèêàòîp ãpóïïû ¦
¦ ` ` ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (group-id) ¦
¦ ` `------------------ èäåíòèôèêàòîp ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (uid) ¦
¦ `----------------------- èìÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (login-id) ¦
¦ ¦
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Åñëè ïîñëåäíåå ïîëå ïóñòîå, òî ïî óìîë÷àíèþ çàïóñêàåòñÿ ñòàíäàpòíûé èí-
òåpïpåòàòîp "/bin/sh".
Íà ñàìîì äåëå â ôàéëå "/etc/passwd" íåò ïàpîëåé ïîëüçîâàòåëåé. Îíè õpàíÿò-
ñÿ â ôàéëå "/etc/master.passwd" â çàøèôpîâàííîì âèäå. Ôîpìàò ýòîãî ôàéëà ïî÷òè
àíàëîãè÷åí ôîpìàòó ôàéëà "passwd":
----------------------------------------------------------------¬
¦ $ cat /etc/master.passwd ¦
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ root::0:0::0:0:Charlie &:/root:/bin/csh ¦
¦ operator:*:2:20::0:0:System &:/usr/guest/operator:/bin/csh ¦
¦ bin:*:3:7::0:0:Binaries Commands and Source,,,:/:/nonexistent ¦
L----------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------¬
¦ root::0:0::0:0:Charlie &:/root:/bin/csh ¦
¦ ^ ¦
¦ `-------- ïîêà ïàpîëÿ ó ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ root íåò ¦
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12. Èçìåíåíèå ïàpîëÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ.
Èçìåíèòü ïàpîëü ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (èëè ñîçäàòü åãî) ìîæíî ñ ïîìîùüþ êîìàíäû
"passwd". Ñíà÷àëà áóäåò ñäåëàí çàïpîñ íà ââîä ñòàðîãî ïàðîëÿ (åñëè òàêîé ñó-